CAMRT Radiography Practice Exam

Which four abnormalities are part of Tetralogy of Fallot?

1. Patent ductus arteriosus, ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, coarctation of the aorta

2. Misplaced aorta, ventricular septal defect, pulmonary valve stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy

3. Atrial septal defect, left ventricular hypertrophy, tricuspid atresia, aortic stenosis

4. Right ventricular hypertrophy, aortic regurgitation, mitral valve prolapse, arrhythmia

The correct answer is: Misplaced aorta, ventricular septal defect, pulmonary valve stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy

Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect characterized by four specific abnormalities, which include a ventricular septal defect, pulmonary valve stenosis, a misplaced or overriding aorta that straddles both ventricles, and right ventricular hypertrophy. In this context, the chosen answer accurately identifies these components of Tetralogy of Fallot. The presence of a ventricular septal defect allows blood to flow between the two ventricles, while pulmonary valve stenosis restricts blood flow to the lungs. The overriding aorta contributes to the mixing of oxygen-poor and oxygen-rich blood, and the right ventricular hypertrophy occurs as the right ventricle works harder to pump blood through the narrowed pulmonary outflow tract. The other choices list abnormalities that are not representative of Tetralogy of Fallot. For instance, the first option includes a patent ductus arteriosus and coarctation of the aorta, which do not form part of this specific congenital heart defect. Additionally, the third option mentions an atrial septal defect, left ventricular hypertrophy, tricuspid atresia, and aortic stenosis, which again do not correlate with Tetralogy of Fallot. The last option lists arrhythmias and a