CAMRT Radiography Practice Exam

Which body condition can esophageal varices lead to if not addressed?

1. Cirrhosis

2. Internal bleeding

3. Hypertension

4. Gastritis

The correct answer is: Internal bleeding

Esophageal varices are enlarged veins in the esophagus that occur primarily due to increased pressure in the portal vein, a condition often associated with liver diseases, particularly cirrhosis. If these varices rupture, they can lead to significant internal bleeding, which is a life-threatening complication. This bleeding typically manifests as hematemesis (vomiting of blood) or melena (black bowel movements), resulting from the blood being digested in the intestines. The presence of esophageal varices is a clear indication of serious underlying conditions, particularly portal hypertension, which is caused by obstruction of blood flow through the liver due to cirrhosis or other liver diseases. While conditions like gastritis could also lead to bleeding, they do not have the same severity or rapid consequences as a rupture of esophageal varices. Addressing the cause of the increased pressure and monitoring the varices is crucial to prevent these potential complications and manage the patient's health effectively.