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What is the term for a sac formed by dilation of a blood vessel, commonly an artery?

  1. Thrombosis

  2. Aneurysm

  3. Atherosclerosis

  4. Embolism

The correct answer is: Aneurysm

The term for a sac formed by the dilation of a blood vessel, typically an artery, is an aneurysm. An aneurysm occurs when the vessel wall weakens and balloons out due to increased pressure or other underlying factors. This dilation can happen in various parts of the body, such as the abdominal aorta or the brain, and poses significant health risks, including rupture and internal bleeding. In contrast, thrombosis refers to the formation of a blood clot within a blood vessel, which can impede blood flow. Atherosclerosis involves the buildup of fatty deposits within artery walls, leading to narrowing and hardening of the arteries rather than dilation. An embolism describes the blockage of a blood vessel by a foreign substance, such as a blood clot, fat globule, or air bubble, which can disrupt circulation but does not involve the dilation characteristic of an aneurysm.