CAMRT Radiography Practice Exam

What is the most common cause of extravasation?

1. Tourniquet placement

2. Needle displacement

3. Local anesthetic

4. Indirect, two-step puncture technique

The correct answer is: Needle displacement

Needle displacement is recognized as the most common cause of extravasation. This occurs when the needle used for intravenous access shifts from its intended position within the vein, leading to the leakage of intravenous fluid or medication into the surrounding tissue instead of delivering it directly into the bloodstream. Extravasation can result from various factors related to needle placement and patient movement. For instance, if a patient moves their arm during the procedure, it can easily dislodge the needle from the vein. Additionally, the size of the needle, the nature of the vein, and the volume or pressure of the infused fluid can all affect the likelihood of the needle becoming displaced. Understanding the mechanics of intravenous access and the potential complications is vital for radiographers and healthcare professionals. Effective technique and patient stabilization can greatly reduce the chances of needle displacement and subsequent extravasation.