CAMRT Radiography Practice Exam

What is a possible outcome of administering metformin during a procedure that requires injection of contrast media?

1. Heart failure

2. Anaphylaxis

3. Lactic Acidosis

4. Hypovolemic shock

The correct answer is: Lactic Acidosis

Administering metformin during a procedure that involves the injection of contrast media can lead to lactic acidosis as a possible outcome. Metformin is primarily excreted by the kidneys, and the use of contrast media can lead to renal impairment. When kidney function is compromised, the excretion of metformin can be reduced, which may subsequently lead to an accumulation of the drug in the bloodstream. This accumulation increases the risk of lactic acidosis, a serious condition characterized by the buildup of lactic acid in the body, resulting from anaerobic metabolism due to inadequate tissue oxygenation. Patients receiving metformin are typically advised to temporarily discontinue its use prior to procedures involving contrast media to avoid this potential complication. Recognizing the signs and symptoms of lactic acidosis—such as muscle pain, difficulty breathing, and abdominal discomfort—is crucial for prompt management of this serious condition.